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As urban capital of a nomadic nation, Ulaanbaatar is something of a paradox, but with the modern world rapidly sweeping away the monolithic remnants of the Soviet era the city has become a forward-looking, if laid-back, base from which to explore this remarkable country.

The city sits in a picturesque location on the Tuul Gol River surrounded by mountains that hint at the scenic splendours beyond its bounds.

Attractions

A number of impressive and atmospheric sights are dotted around the town, including Mongolia’s largest Buddhist monastery, the Gandan Khiid, and the extraordinary Winter Palace of Bogd Khaan.

Also worth a visit are a number of museums dedicated to Mongolia’s fascinating cultural and natural history.

Around Ulaanbaatar

For those with little time to explore further afield we thoroughly recommend sampling the wonders of Mongolia’s natural heritage and traditional hospitality with an overnight visit to the beautiful Khustain National Park, just a couple of hours’ drive west of the city. Here you can visit the Takhi, Mongolia’s rare and much-loved wild horses.

The breed had become extinct in the wild until they were reintroduced using stock from foreign zoos in the 1990s. This is also an ideal opportunity to spend a night in a traditional nomadic felt tent or ‘ger’, a surprisingly comfortable form of accommodation.

Naadam Festival

The annual gathering of the tribes at the great Naadam Festival dates back to the times of Genghis Khan and gives the menfolk, once the most feared warriors on the planet, the opportunity to demonstrate their considerable prowess in the ‘Three Manly Sports’ of wrestling, archery and horse racing.

Even if the sports do not appeal, this is the biggest event in the Mongolian calendar and the colourful crowds and general atmosphere of excitement make it a fine focus for a visit to the country.

The festival in Ulaanbaatar runs annually in mid-July and attracts visitors from across the globe — accommodation can be scarce so it is worth booking ahead.